Aim

In this lab aim is the design 4- bit Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) and implement the ALU on FPGA using modular design, after that, experimentally check the operation of the ALU on Spartan board

Implementation

Mux

I designed the multiplexers. These are 2 to 1 , 4 to 1 and 2 to 1 (4-bit) with using 2 to 1 Mux. I use 2 to 1 Mux for the selected the output of the ALU which is Logical or Arihtmetical.

2 to 1

4 to 1

I use 4 to 1 mux for opcode for the my ALU. Its means, I selected the operation with using this mux.

2 to 1 (4-bit input)

I use the 1 bit Mux for the making the 4 bit Mux.

Logic Unit

Firstly I design 1 bit Logic Unit.I use the divide and conquer method. After that, I design 4 bit Logic Unit with using 4-1 Mux.

1-bit Logic Unit

Bellow figure shows the my implemantetion for the one bit Logic unit.

4-bit Logic Unit

Below figure shows how to implement the bit Logic gate with using one bit logic. Each bits of the input goes in the different logic unit with order. After that I collect the outputs with same order.

Arithmetic Unit

In this part, My purpose of the design the Arithmetic Unit. Firstly, I design the Full adder and 1 bit Arithmetic Unit. Then, I design the 4-bit Arithmetic Unit.

Full Adder

Bellows figures shows my Full Adder implementation. This is 1 bit

1-bit Arithmetic Unit

Bellows figures shows my 1-bit arithmetic unit implementation. After that, I will design 4-bit Arihtmetic Unit with using this 1 bit Arithmetic Unit.

4-bit Arithmetic Unit

I use 1 bit Arihtmetic Unit. First bits inputs of the first 1 bit arithmetic units and outputs of the this Unit are F0 and Cout1. Cout1 will be inputs of the seconds bits Arihtmetic Unit. Contiune with this order I created 4-bit Arithmetic Unit.

Seven Segment

In this question I design the seven segment and after that I design the all ALU design . But I don’t use this method in Xilinx . I use more simple methods.

Conditions

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

Seven Segment

ALU

Bellow figure show the my ALU. And I tested the Logisim before the Lab. I used this methodology In the Xilinx.

Xilinx

Code

Firstly I defined the inputs and outputs of the design. After that I created the 3 signal. These are LOGut, ARTout and const. After that. I implement my 1-bit ALU design.

————————————————————————————————————————————–

const <= ‘0’;

LOGout <=(((not S0) AND (not S1) AND (A AND B)) OR ((S0) AND (not S1) AND (A OR B))) OR (((not S0) AND (S1) AND (A XOR B)) OR ((S0) AND (S1) AND (A XNOR B)));

ARToutF <=(((not S0) AND (not S1) AND ((A XOR const) XOR Cin)) OR ((S0) AND (not S1) AND ((A XOR B) XOR Cin))) OR (((not S0) AND (S1) AND ((A XOR (not B)) XOR Cin)) OR ((S0) AND (S1) AND (((not A) XOR B) XOR Cin)));

Cout <=(((not S0) AND (not S1) AND ((A AND const) OR ((A XOR const)AND Cin))) OR ((S0) AND (not S1) AND ((A AND B) OR ((A XOR B)AND Cin)))) OR (((not S0) AND (S1) AND ((A AND not (B)) OR ((A XOR (not B))AND Cin))) OR ((S0) AND (S1) AND (((not A) AND B) OR (((not A) XOR B)AND Cin))));

F <=((not M) AND LOGout) OR (M AND ARToutF);

————————————————————————————————————————————–

Pins

In this code I defined the pinouts of the board with inputs and outputs

————————————————————————————————————————————–

NET “A” LOC = “P15”;

NET “B” LOC = “P12”;

NET “Cin” LOC = “P5”;

NET “M” LOC = “P78”;

NET “S1” LOC = “P82”;

NET “S0” LOC = “P85”;

NET “F” LOC = “P16”;

NET “Cout” LOC = “P77”;

————————————————————————————————————————————–

4-bit

Code

In this code I implement my 4-bit ALU before created on Logisim.

————————————————————————————————————————————–

entity Lab3_Part2_Code is

Port ( M : in STD_LOGIC;

S1 : in STD_LOGIC;

S0 : in STD_LOGIC;

A : in STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 downto 0);

B : in STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 downto 0);

Cin : in STD_LOGIC;

Cout : out STD_LOGIC;

Signbit : out STD_LOGIC;

SevenSegment : out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(6 downto 0);

F : out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 downto 0));

end Lab3_Part2_Code;

architecture Behavioral of Lab3_Part2_Code is

signal LOGout : STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 downto 0); — Intermediate signal

signal ARToutF : STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 downto 0); — Intermediate signal

signal const : STD_LOGIC; — Intermediate signal

signal Cout0 : STD_LOGIC; — Intermediate signal

signal Cout1 : STD_LOGIC; — Intermediate signal

signal Cout2 : STD_LOGIC; — Intermediate signal

 

begin

const <= ‘0’;

LOGout(0) <=(((not S0) AND (not S1) AND (A(0) AND B(0))) OR ((S0) AND (not S1) AND (A(0) OR B(0)))) OR (((not S0) AND (S1) AND (A(0) XOR B(0))) OR ((S0) AND (S1) AND (A(0) XNOR B(0))));

LOGout(1) <=(((not S0) AND (not S1) AND (A(1) AND B(1))) OR ((S0) AND (not S1) AND (A(1) OR B(1)))) OR (((not S0) AND (S1) AND (A(1) XOR B(1))) OR ((S0) AND (S1) AND (A(1) XNOR B(1))));

LOGout(2) <=(((not S0) AND (not S1) AND (A(2) AND B(2))) OR ((S0) AND (not S1) AND (A(2) OR B(2)))) OR (((not S0) AND (S1) AND (A(2) XOR B(2))) OR ((S0) AND (S1) AND (A(2) XNOR B(2))));

LOGout(3) <=(((not S0) AND (not S1) AND (A(3) AND B(3))) OR ((S0) AND (not S1) AND (A(3) OR B(3)))) OR (((not S0) AND (S1) AND (A(3) XOR B(3))) OR ((S0) AND (S1) AND (A(3) XNOR B(3))));

 

 

ARToutF(0) <=(((not S0) AND (not S1) AND ((A(0) XOR const) XOR Cin)) OR ((S0) AND (not S1) AND ((A(0) XOR B(0)) XOR Cin))) OR (((not S0) AND (S1) AND ((A(0) XOR (not B(0))) XOR Cin)) OR ((S0) AND (S1) AND (((not A(0)) XOR B(0)) XOR Cin)));

Cout0 <=(((not S0) AND (not S1) AND ((A(0) AND const) OR ((A(0) XOR const)AND Cin))) OR ((S0) AND (not S1) AND ((A(0) AND B(0)) OR ((A(0) XOR B(0))AND Cin)))) OR (((not S0) AND (S1) AND ((A(0) AND (not B(0))) OR ((A(0) XOR (not B(0)))AND Cin))) OR ((S0) AND (S1) AND (((not A(0)) AND B(0)) OR (((not A(0)) XOR B(0))AND Cin))));

ARToutF(1) <=(((not S0) AND (not S1) AND ((A(1) XOR const) XOR Cout0)) OR ((S0) AND (not S1) AND ((A(1) XOR B(1)) XOR Cout0))) OR (((not S0) AND (S1) AND ((A(1) XOR (not B(1))) XOR Cout0)) OR ((S0) AND (S1) AND (((not A(1)) XOR B(1)) XOR Cout0)));

Cout1 <=(((not S0) AND (not S1) AND ((A(1) AND const) OR ((A(1) XOR const)AND Cout0))) OR ((S0) AND (not S1) AND ((A(1) AND B(1)) OR ((A(1) XOR B(1))AND Cout0)))) OR (((not S0) AND (S1) AND ((A(1) AND (not B(1))) OR ((A(1) XOR (not B(1)))AND Cout0))) OR ((S0) AND (S1) AND (((not A(1)) AND B(1)) OR (((not A(1)) XOR B(1))AND Cout0))));

ARToutF(2) <=(((not S0) AND (not S1) AND ((A(2) XOR const) XOR Cout1)) OR ((S0) AND (not S1) AND ((A(2) XOR B(2)) XOR Cout1))) OR (((not S0) AND (S1) AND ((A(2) XOR (not B(2))) XOR Cout1)) OR ((S0) AND (S1) AND (((not A(2)) XOR B(2)) XOR Cout1)));

Cout2 <=(((not S0) AND (not S1) AND ((A(2) AND const) OR ((A(2) XOR const)AND Cout1))) OR ((S0) AND (not S1) AND ((A(2) AND B(2)) OR ((A(2) XOR B(2))AND Cout1)))) OR (((not S0) AND (S1) AND ((A(2) AND (not B(2))) OR ((A(2) XOR (not B(2)))AND Cout1))) OR ((S0) AND (S1) AND (((not A(2)) AND B(2)) OR (((not A(2)) XOR B(2))AND Cout1))));

ARToutF(3) <=(((not S0) AND (not S1) AND ((A(3) XOR const) XOR Cout2)) OR ((S0) AND (not S1) AND ((A(3) XOR B(3)) XOR Cout2))) OR (((not S0) AND (S1) AND ((A(3) XOR (not B(3))) XOR Cout2)) OR ((S0) AND (S1) AND (((not A(3)) XOR B(3)) XOR Cout2)));

Cout <=(((not S0) AND (not S1) AND ((A(3) AND const) OR ((A(3) XOR const)AND Cout2))) OR ((S0) AND (not S1) AND ((A(3) AND B(3)) OR ((A(3) XOR B(3))AND Cout2)))) OR (((not S0) AND (S1) AND ((A(3) AND (not B(3))) OR ((A(3) XOR (not B(3)))AND Cout2))) OR ((S0) AND (S1) AND (((not A(3)) AND B(3)) OR (((not A(3)) XOR B(3))AND Cout2))));

F(0) <=((not M) AND LOGout(0)) OR (M AND ARToutF(0));

F(1) <=((not M) AND LOGout(1)) OR (M AND ARToutF(1));

F(2) <=((not M) AND LOGout(2)) OR (M AND ARToutF(2));

F(3) <=((not M) AND LOGout(3)) OR (M AND ARToutF(3));

signbit <= ARToutF(3);

process(ARToutF)

begin

case ARToutF is

when “0000” => SevenSegment <= “0000001”; — “0”

when “0001” => SevenSegment <= “1001111”; — “1”

when “0010” => SevenSegment <= “0010010”; — “2”

when “0011” => SevenSegment <= “0000110”; — “3”

when “0100” => SevenSegment <= “1001100”; — “4”

when “0101” => SevenSegment <= “0100100”; — “5”

when “0110” => SevenSegment <= “0100000”; — “6”

when “0111” => SevenSegment <= “0001101”; — “7”

when “1000” => SevenSegment <= “0000000”; — “8”

when “1001” => SevenSegment <= “0001101”; — “9”

when “1010” => SevenSegment <= “0100000”; — a

when “1011” => SevenSegment <= “0100100”; — b

when “1100” => SevenSegment <= “1001100”; — C

when “1101” => SevenSegment <= “0000110”; — d

when “1110” => SevenSegment <= “0010010”; — E

when “1111” => SevenSegment <= “1001111”; — F

when others => SevenSegment <= “1111111”; — F

 

end case;

end process;

 

end Behavioral;

————————————————————————————————————————————–

Pins

I defined the pins in bellow code.

————————————————————————————————————————————–

NET “A(0)” LOC = “P15”;

NET “A(1)” LOC = “P12”;

NET “A(2)” LOC = “P5”;

NET “A(3)” LOC = “P4”;

NET “B(0)” LOC = “P94”;

NET “B(1)” LOC = “P90”;

NET “B(2)” LOC = “P88”;

NET “B(3)” LOC = “P85”;

NET “M” LOC = “P34”;

NET “Cin” LOC = “P35”;

NET “S1” LOC = “P78”;

NET “S0” LOC = “P82”;

NET “Cout” LOC = “P77”;

NET “Signbit” LOC = “P83”;

NET “F(0)” LOC = “P16”;

NET “F(1)” LOC = “P13”;

NET “F(2)” LOC = “P6”;

NET “F(3)” LOC = “P3”;

NET “SevenSegment<0>” LOC = “P64” ;

NET “SevenSegment<1>” LOC = “P98” ;

NET “SevenSegment<2>” LOC = “P73” ;

NET “SevenSegment<3>” LOC = “P72” ;

NET “SevenSegment<4>” LOC = “P65” ;

NET “SevenSegment<5>” LOC = “P62” ;

NET “SevenSegment<6>” LOC = “P71” ;

ALU TEST(Logisim)

AND

XOR

A+B

A’+B+1